Human Game: The True Story of the 'Great Escape' Murders and the Hunt for the Gestapo Gunmen (46 page)

McDonald, Alastair (Flight Lieutenant), 173

McGarr, Clement (Lieutenant),
ix,
242

McGill, George (Flight Lieutenant),
ix,
189, 242

McKenna, Francis P. (Squadron Leader), xiii.
See also
Special Investigating Branch (SIB), RAF

Absalon (Gunther’s parents) and, 42–44

Absalon (Gunther’s wife) and, 44–45

Achterberg interrogation, 163–166

background of, 32–33, 36, 41, 46, 63

barbarity of Nazi Party, 216–218, 221

Bender’s statement, 151–152

Blackpool Borough Police, 32, 41, 232

Blum and, 166–167

Boschert interrogation, 140–141

Bowes and, 72, 84, 85, 87, 100, 142, 222

Breslau evacuees interviewees, 47, 48–51

Bruchardt interrogation, 166–170

cold case, 32, 33–42

Courtney and, 62–63

death of, 233

Dingermann interrogation, 150–151

dreams of, 47–48

exhaustion of, 132

Gmeiner interrogation, 141–142

Herberg interrogation, 132–138, 139

host families of evacuees and, 47, 48

humanity view of, 138

internment camps canvassing, 42, 45–46, 62–63, 98, 100, 109, 138, 151, 163, 176, 220

investigation as a complex machine, 161

jeep problems, 59–61

Judge Advocate General’s Office and, 57–58, 63–64

justice vs. revenge, 233, 234

Kah and, 52–54, 58, 61–62

Lampel interrogation, 151

Lindeiner’s statement, 36–37, 37–38

Lonsky and, 48–51

Müller and, 38, 100

Nebe and, 38, 57–58, 181–182

Order of the British Empire, 232

papers, protecting, 59, 60, 61

Post interrogation, 220–221

Preiss interrogation, 138–140

razor wire trap incident, 180

Russian uncooperation with, 59–60, 62, 100, 180, 187, 188

Schmidt (Fritz’s mother) and, 218–219

Schmoll’s statement, 152–153

Schulz (Emil’s wife) and, 156, 157, 159–160

Schulz (Emil) interrogation, 157–160

“Sherlock Holmes,” 33

Smit and, 47, 57, 58, 59

Spann’s death confirmed by, 162

“spasmodic” quality of investigation, 219

Taylor and, 53, 58

Thomas and, 61

unaccounted-for-murderers, 223

Williams (H. J.) and, 35, 36–37, 38, 39–40, 42, 44, 45

Zacharias interrogation, 86–89, 90, 93

Zembrodt and, 51, 55–57

Mehling (Dr.), 56

memorial at Stalag Luft III, 234,
234

Mercier, Ernest, 51–54.
See also
Kah, Ernst (Breslau SD)

Merten, Hans (Nebe’s assistant), 18

Messerschmitt fighters, 2, 108, 192

MI9, 90

microphones used by Germany, 2, 4, 8, 145–146

Milford, Harold (Flight Lieutenant),
ix,
173, 242

Minden prison, 40, 87, 88, 90, 117, 124, 137, 140, 141, 153, 158, 161, 168, 200, 209, 220

Ministry of Armed Forces of USSR, 184

Mohr, Peter (Munich
Kripo
), 114–115

Molovsky (Judge), 77

Mondschein, Jerzy (Flying Officer),
ix,
100–101, 102, 103, 104, 242

monument at Stalag Luft III, 107

Moosburg, Germany, 150, 151, 176

Moravska Ostrava, Czech Republic, 67, 74, 79, 80, 83, 89

Mueller, Erich, 208–209

Müller, Heinrich (Gestapo SS
Gruppenführer
), xiv

Cochran murder, 133, 136, 137, 192

Gmeiner and, 141

Hayter murder, 198

Herberg and, 136, 137, 192

Kaltenbrunner and, 16, 209

McKenna and, 38, 100

Nebe and, 18

Panzinger and, 64

Schauschütz and, 75

Schimmel and, 198

Schmid and, 182–184

war crimes charges against, 224

Wielen and, 230

Muller, Jens (Lieutenant), 33

Müller, Reinhardt (Heinrich’s son), 182–184

Munich (Gestapo and
Kripo
), xvi.
See also specific members

investigation of, 38, 107, 109–114, 115–118, 121–128, 161

justice escaped by, 219, 223, 232

Munich, Germany, 40, 62, 64, 106, 196, 202

mural of Gestapo satyrs, 77

murders of escapees (fifty) by Gestapo,
viii–ix,
15–16, 17, 18, 31, 41, 222, 239–243.
See also
Great Escape, The; Special Investigating Branch (SIB), RAF;
specific murdered escapees

Murray, Philip (Squadron Leader), 28, 30

Mustang fighters, 204

Narochi Vybor prison, 65

National Socialism, 181

Natzweiler concentration camp, xv, 38, 130, 132, 133–134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 142, 162, 197, 199

Naville, Gabrielle (representative of Swiss Protecting Power), 30–31

Nazi Party, xiii–xvi.
See also
Germany; Gestapo; Hitler, Adolf;
Kriminalpolizei (Kripo); specific members

barbarity of, 216–218, 221

cyanide capsules for suicide, 54, 64, 232

Nuremberg Laws, 110

SA (“brownshirts”), 121

Nebe, Arthur (
Kripo
SS
Gruppenführer
), xiv

death of, 181, 232

Diels and, 57

Einsatzgruppen
B, 181–182

execution list by, 18, 181

Himmler and, 181

Hitler and, 181

justice escaped by, 181, 232

Kaltenbrunner and, 18

McKenna and, 38, 57–58, 181–182

Merten and, 18

Müller and, 18

recapture of Stalag Luft III escapees, 16–17, 18, 34

war crimes charges against, 224

Wielen and, 16–17, 34, 230

Neely (Lieutenant), 111

Netherlands, 33

Neue Bremm torture camp, 153, 155

Neuengamme internment camp, 209, 214

Neumünster, Germany, 20, 23, 58, 61, 96

New Zealand murdered escapees, 31.
See also specific murdered escapees

Nicholas, W. V. (Captain), 33, 35

No. 1 Civilian Internment Camp (CIC) at Neumünster, 58, 61, 163

No. 2 Civilian Internment Hospital at Karlsruhe, 140

No. 4 Civilian Internment Camp (CIC) at Recklinghausen, 98

No. 6 Civilian Internment Camp (CIC) at Moosburg, 98

Nöelle, Wilhelm (Brno Gestapo), xiv, 75, 161–162

Normandy invasion, 127, 217

North Western Europe War Crimes Investigation Unit, 40, 220

Norway, 204

Norwegian murdered escapees, 31.
See also specific murdered escapees

Nuremberg Laws, 110

Nuremberg Trials, 38, 57, 170, 232

Oberkommando der Wehrmacht
(Army High Command), 13

obstacles to investigation, 34, 35, 38, 40, 42, 46–47, 63, 96, 99–100, 180, 187, 188, 189

Oehlert, Dr. (defense counsel), 227–228

Oflag VI-B concentration camp, 14

Oflag XIII-B concentration camp, 118–121

Oflag XVII-A concentration camp, 14

Ogilvie, A. Keith (Flight Lieutenant), 173, 245, 246

Operation Bullet (
Aktion Kugel
), 15

Operation Loyton, 130–131

Order of the Blood, 221

Order of the British Empire, 232

Paderborn internment camp, 141

Pancheff (Major), 73

Pankratz prison atrocities, 76–77, 82

Panzinger, Fritz, 64

Patton, George S. (Lieutenant General), 119, 120

Patzig, Helmut (Lieutenant), 226

Pawluk, Kazimierz (Flying Officer),
ix,
188, 242

Permanent Camp for Airmen 3, 1.
See also
Great Escape, The; Stalag Luft III (Stammlager Luft III)

Peters, Rudolf (Strasbourg Gestapo), 197–199

Picard, Henri (Flying Officer),
ix,
96, 162–170, 231, 242

Pieber, Hans, 28–29, 30

Pieber, Haputmann, 246

Plötzensee Prison, 181

Plunkett, Des (Flight Lieutenant), 7

Pohe, Porokuro Patapu “Johnny” (Flying Officer),
ix,
186, 242

Pohlmann, 215, 220–221.
See also
Post, Johannes (Kiel Gestapo)

Poland, 105–106, 121

Polish breakout from Oflag VI-B, 14

Polish murdered escapees, 31.
See also specific murdered escapees

Polish uncooperation in Breslau, 105–106

Portugal, 34

Post, Johannes (Kiel Gestapo), xv

background of, 19–20, 216

Baumann and, 214–215, 215–216

Catanach, Christensen, Espelid, and Fuglesang murders, 22–25, 208, 209, 210–211, 212–213, 224

Heidt (Post’s mistress), 215–216, 220

interrogation of, 221

Pohlmann (alias), 215, 220–221

Sagan Case trial, 224, 225–226, 230, 231,
231

theater and, 23, 27

Prague, Czech Republic, 3, 52, 73, 84, 101, 103, 105, 147, 161

Preiss, Otto (Karlsruhe Gestapo), xv

Cochran murder, 134–135, 137, 138–140, 224

Sagan Case trial, 224, 229, 230

Quebec University, 82

RAF.
See
Royal Air Force

razor wire trap incident, McKenna, 180

Reavell-Carter, Laurence (Squadron Leader), 245–247

recaptured escapees, 17–18, 27–28, 30, 34, 36–37, 49.
See also specific escapees

recapture of Stalag Luft III escapees by
Kripo,
16–17, 18, 21, 34, 49, 96–97, 114

reconstruction of Kidder and Kirby-Green murders, 82,
82

records, destroyed, 21, 64, 81, 117, 127, 141, 208

Red Army, 34, 35, 47, 50, 51, 52, 64, 100, 106, 174, 187

Red Cross, 6, 15, 28, 30, 67, 81, 92, 118, 144, 161, 164, 210, 212

Reichssicherheitshauptamt
(RSHA), xiv, 16, 16n.
See also
Central Security Office, Berlin

Rinteln, Germany, 39–40, 45, 46, 47, 57, 62, 87, 107, 140, 160

Roemer, Hugo (Brno Gestapo), xiv, 74, 75, 76, 161–162, 162n

Rogue’s Gallery,
223

Rotenhahn Inn, 25, 207

Royal Air Force (RAF) Investigation Team, xiii, 163, 219, 233.
See also
Special Investigating Branch (SIB), RAF

Royle, Paul (Flight Lieutenant), 173

Ruhr Valley, Germany, 27, 40, 43

Russian Occupation Zone, 35, 39, 40, 45, 47, 56, 58–60, 87, 100, 104n, 180, 184, 187, 215, 232

Russia/Russians (Soviet Union, USSR)

Red Army, 34, 35, 47, 50, 51, 52, 64, 100, 106, 174, 187

Scharpwinkel and, 51, 55–56, 57, 58, 61–62, 100, 180, 184, 185, 186–187, 188, 219, 222, 230

uncooperation with McKenna, 59–60, 62, 100, 180, 187, 188

SA (“brownshirts”), 121

Saarbrücken, Germany, 38, 99, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157

Sachsenhausen concentration camp, 187

Sagan, Germany, 1, 4, 15, 35, 36, 38, 109, 223, 235

Sagan Case trial, 223–231.
See also
Great Escape, The; Special Investigating Branch (SIB), RAF

Boschert and, 224, 229, 230

defense’s case, 225–230

Geith and, 224, 229, 230

German Military Penal Code
and, 226

Grossfahndung
order, 14, 36, 176, 225

guilty verdicts, 230

justice, escaped, 219, 223, 232

Llandovery Castle
case and, 226

London Cage torture allegations, 227–228, 229

Manual for Military Law
and, 226

murders of individual POWs charges, 224, 230

non guilty pleas of defendants, 225

Post and, 224, 225–226, 230, 231,
231

Preiss and, 224, 229, 230

prosecution’s case, 225, 226, 229, 230

Schimmel and, 224, 229–230

Scotland and, 227–228, 229

sentences, 230, 231, 233

superior orders plea, 224, 225–226, 228, 229, 230

“war crime,” 226

war crime charges, 224, 225, 230

Wielen and, 224, 225, 230, 233

Zacharias and, 224, 227, 228, 230

Salau, Artur (mortician laborer), 26, 27

Sawerthal, Anton (cremation attendant), 103–104

Schafer, Arthur (crematorium engineer), 26–27, 205–206

Schäfer, Lisalotte (Oswald’s wife), 223

Schäfer, Oswald (Munich Gestapo), xvi

Gouws and Stevens murders, 113, 114, 117–118, 122, 126

Hebberling and, 127–128

justice escaped by, 161, 219, 223, 232

Scharpwinkel, Wilhelm (Breslau Gestapo), xiv

Breslau defense and, 174–175

Cornish interrogation, 184–185, 185–186

death of, 230

execution of Stalag Luft escapees, 17, 34, 36, 47, 176–179, 185–186, 187–188, 189, 222

Hagamann (alias), 55–56

Hansel and, 176–179

Kah and, 61–62

Lonsky and, 50–51

Russians and, 51, 55–56, 57, 58, 61–62, 100, 180, 184, 185, 186–187, 188, 219, 222, 230

Schröder and, 186, 189–190

Schumacher and, 174–175

Wieczorek and, 188

Wielen and, 185

Zembrodt and, 55–57

Schauschütz, Franz (Brno Gestapo), xiv, 74–76, 77

Scheidhauer, Bernard (Lieutenant),
ix

background of, 148

murder of, 98, 149, 150–151, 152–153, 153–156, 157–160, 218, 224

Schermer, Martin (Munich Gestapo), xvi

death of, 114

Gouws and Stevens murders, 113, 115–117, 122, 123–124, 125, 126, 127

Schimmel, Alfred (Strasbourg Gestapo), xvi

Hayter murder, 195–199, 224

Sagan Case trial, 224, 229–230

Schmid, Anny (Müller’s mistress), 182, 183–184

Schmidt, Ernst, 157.
See also
Schulz, Emil

Schmidt, Franz (Kiel Gestapo), xv, 22, 24, 209–210, 211, 212, 219

Schmidt, Friedrich “Fritz” (Kiel Gestapo), xv, 20n

Baumann and, 214–215, 218

Catanach, Christensen, Espelid, and Fuglesang murders, 19, 20, 209, 210, 211, 213, 222, 232–233

Schmundt (alias), 214, 215

Schmidt, Maria (Fritz’s mother), 218–219

Schmidt, Oskar (Kiel Gestapo), xv, 20n

Christensen, Espelid, and Fuglesang murders, 19, 20, 22, 24, 26–27, 208, 209, 210–211, 212, 213, 224, 230

Schmoll (Police Inspector), 152–153, 155

Schmundt, 215.
See also
Schmidt, Friedrich “Fritz” (Kiel Gestapo)

Schneider, Johann (Munich Gestapo), xvi

Gouws and Stevens murders, 113, 114, 115, 116–117, 118, 121–124, 125, 126, 127, 224, 230